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Search Results (412659 CVEs found)
| CVE | Vendors | Products | Updated | CVSS v3.1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2025-68311 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | N/A |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tty: serial: ip22zilog: Use platform device for probing After commit 84a9582fd203 ("serial: core: Start managing serial controllers to enable runtime PM") serial drivers need to provide a device in struct uart_port.dev otherwise an oops happens. To fix this issue for ip22zilog driver switch driver to a platform driver and setup the serial device in sgi-ip22 code. | ||||
| CVE-2025-68251 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: erofs: avoid infinite loops due to corrupted subpage compact indexes Robert reported an infinite loop observed by two crafted images. The root cause is that `clusterofs` can be larger than `lclustersize` for !NONHEAD `lclusters` in corrupted subpage compact indexes, e.g.: blocksize = lclustersize = 512 lcn = 6 clusterofs = 515 Move the corresponding check for full compress indexes to `z_erofs_load_lcluster_from_disk()` to also cover subpage compact compress indexes. It also fixes the position of `m->type >= Z_EROFS_LCLUSTER_TYPE_MAX` check, since it should be placed right after `z_erofs_load_{compact,full}_lcluster()`. | ||||
| CVE-2025-68236 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: ufs: ufs-qcom: Fix UFS OCP issue during UFS power down (PC=3) According to UFS specifications, the power-off sequence for a UFS device includes: - Sending an SSU command with Power_Condition=3 and await a response. - Asserting RST_N low. - Turning off REF_CLK. - Turning off VCC. - Turning off VCCQ/VCCQ2. As part of ufs shutdown, after the SSU command completion, asserting hardware reset (HWRST) triggers the device firmware to wake up and execute its reset routine. This routine initializes hardware blocks and takes a few milliseconds to complete. During this time, the ICCQ draws a large current. This large ICCQ current may cause issues for the regulator which is supplying power to UFS, because the turn off request from UFS driver to the regulator framework will be immediately followed by low power mode(LPM) request by regulator framework. This is done by framework because UFS which is the only client is requesting for disable. So if the rail is still in the process of shutting down while ICCQ exceeds LPM current thresholds, and LPM mode is activated in hardware during this state, it may trigger an overcurrent protection (OCP) fault in the regulator. To prevent this, a 10ms delay is added after asserting HWRST. This allows the reset operation to complete while power rails remain active and in high-power mode. Currently there is no way for Host to query whether the reset is completed or not and hence this the delay is based on experiments with Qualcomm UFS controllers across multiple UFS vendors. | ||||
| CVE-2025-68230 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | N/A |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdgpu: fix gpu page fault after hibernation on PF passthrough On PF passthrough environment, after hibernate and then resume, coralgemm will cause gpu page fault. Mode1 reset happens during hibernate, but partition mode is not restored on resume, register mmCP_HYP_XCP_CTL and mmCP_PSP_XCP_CTL is not right after resume. When CP access the MQD BO, wrong stride size is used, this will cause out of bound access on the MQD BO, resulting page fault. The fix is to ensure gfx_v9_4_3_switch_compute_partition() is called when resume from a hibernation. KFD resume is called separately during a reset recovery or resume from suspend sequence. Hence it's not required to be called as part of partition switch. (cherry picked from commit 5d1b32cfe4a676fe552416cb5ae847b215463a1a) | ||||
| CVE-2025-68209 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 7.0 High |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mlx5: Fix default values in create CQ Currently, CQs without a completion function are assigned the mlx5_add_cq_to_tasklet function by default. This is problematic since only user CQs created through the mlx5_ib driver are intended to use this function. Additionally, all CQs that will use doorbells instead of polling for completions must call mlx5_cq_arm. However, the default CQ creation flow leaves a valid value in the CQ's arm_db field, allowing FW to send interrupts to polling-only CQs in certain corner cases. These two factors would allow a polling-only kernel CQ to be triggered by an EQ interrupt and call a completion function intended only for user CQs, causing a null pointer exception. Some areas in the driver have prevented this issue with one-off fixes but did not address the root cause. This patch fixes the described issue by adding defaults to the create CQ flow. It adds a default dummy completion function to protect against null pointer exceptions, and it sets an invalid command sequence number by default in kernel CQs to prevent the FW from sending an interrupt to the CQ until it is armed. User CQs are responsible for their own initialization values. Callers of mlx5_core_create_cq are responsible for changing the completion function and arming the CQ per their needs. | ||||
| CVE-2025-68201 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | N/A |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdgpu: remove two invalid BUG_ON()s Those can be triggered trivially by userspace. | ||||
| CVE-2025-68193 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/xe/guc: Add devm release action to safely tear down CT When a buffer object (BO) is allocated with the XE_BO_FLAG_GGTT_INVALIDATE flag, the driver initiates TLB invalidation requests via the CTB mechanism while releasing the BO. However a premature release of the CTB BO can lead to system crashes, as observed in: Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI RIP: 0010:h2g_write+0x2f3/0x7c0 [xe] Call Trace: guc_ct_send_locked+0x8b/0x670 [xe] xe_guc_ct_send_locked+0x19/0x60 [xe] send_tlb_invalidation+0xb4/0x460 [xe] xe_gt_tlb_invalidation_ggtt+0x15e/0x2e0 [xe] ggtt_invalidate_gt_tlb.part.0+0x16/0x90 [xe] ggtt_node_remove+0x110/0x140 [xe] xe_ggtt_node_remove+0x40/0xa0 [xe] xe_ggtt_remove_bo+0x87/0x250 [xe] Introduce a devm-managed release action during xe_guc_ct_init() and xe_guc_ct_init_post_hwconfig() to ensure proper CTB disablement before resource deallocation, preventing the use-after-free scenario. | ||||
| CVE-2025-68188 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 7.0 High |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tcp: use dst_dev_rcu() in tcp_fastopen_active_disable_ofo_check() Use RCU to avoid a pair of atomic operations and a potential UAF on dst_dev()->flags. | ||||
| CVE-2025-68175 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 7.8 High |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: nxp: imx8-isi: Fix streaming cleanup on release The current implementation unconditionally calls mxc_isi_video_cleanup_streaming() in mxc_isi_video_release(). This can lead to situations where any release call (like from a simple "v4l2-ctl -l") may release a currently streaming queue when called on such a device. This is reproducible on an i.MX8MP board by streaming from an ISI capture device using gstreamer: gst-launch-1.0 -v v4l2src device=/dev/videoX ! \ video/x-raw,format=GRAY8,width=1280,height=800,framerate=1/120 ! \ fakesink While this stream is running, querying the caps of the same device provokes the error state: v4l2-ctl -l -d /dev/videoX This results in the following trace: [ 155.452152] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 155.452163] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1708 at drivers/media/platform/nxp/imx8-isi/imx8-isi-pipe.c:713 mxc_isi_pipe_irq_handler+0x19c/0x1b0 [imx8_isi] [ 157.004248] Modules linked in: cfg80211 rpmsg_ctrl rpmsg_char rpmsg_tty virtio_rpmsg_bus rpmsg_ns rpmsg_core rfkill nft_ct nf_conntrack nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_tables mcp251x6 [ 157.053499] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1708 Comm: python3 Not tainted 6.15.4-00114-g1f61ca5cad76 #1 PREEMPT [ 157.064369] Hardware name: imx8mp_board_01 (DT) [ 157.068205] pstate: 400000c5 (nZcv daIF -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) [ 157.075169] pc : mxc_isi_pipe_irq_handler+0x19c/0x1b0 [imx8_isi] [ 157.081195] lr : mxc_isi_pipe_irq_handler+0x38/0x1b0 [imx8_isi] [ 157.087126] sp : ffff800080003ee0 [ 157.090438] x29: ffff800080003ee0 x28: ffff0000c3688000 x27: 0000000000000000 [ 157.097580] x26: 0000000000000000 x25: ffff0000c1e7ac00 x24: ffff800081b5ad50 [ 157.104723] x23: 00000000000000d1 x22: 0000000000000000 x21: ffff0000c25e4000 [ 157.111866] x20: 0000000060000200 x19: ffff80007a0608d0 x18: 0000000000000000 [ 157.119008] x17: ffff80006a4e3000 x16: ffff800080000000 x15: 0000000000000000 [ 157.126146] x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 0000000000000000 x12: 0000000000000000 [ 157.133287] x11: 0000000000000040 x10: ffff0000c01445f0 x9 : ffff80007a053a38 [ 157.140425] x8 : ffff0000c04004b8 x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : 0000000000000000 [ 157.147567] x5 : ffff0000c0400490 x4 : ffff80006a4e3000 x3 : ffff0000c25e4000 [ 157.154706] x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : ffff8000825c0014 x0 : 0000000060000200 [ 157.161850] Call trace: [ 157.164296] mxc_isi_pipe_irq_handler+0x19c/0x1b0 [imx8_isi] (P) [ 157.170319] __handle_irq_event_percpu+0x58/0x218 [ 157.175029] handle_irq_event+0x54/0xb8 [ 157.178867] handle_fasteoi_irq+0xac/0x248 [ 157.182968] handle_irq_desc+0x48/0x68 [ 157.186723] generic_handle_domain_irq+0x24/0x38 [ 157.191346] gic_handle_irq+0x54/0x120 [ 157.195098] call_on_irq_stack+0x24/0x30 [ 157.199027] do_interrupt_handler+0x88/0x98 [ 157.203212] el0_interrupt+0x44/0xc0 [ 157.206792] __el0_irq_handler_common+0x18/0x28 [ 157.211328] el0t_64_irq_handler+0x10/0x20 [ 157.215429] el0t_64_irq+0x198/0x1a0 [ 157.219009] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- Address this issue by moving the streaming preparation and cleanup to the vb2 .prepare_streaming() and .unprepare_streaming() operations. This also simplifies the driver by allowing direct usage of the vb2_ioctl_streamon() and vb2_ioctl_streamoff() helpers, and removal of the manual cleanup from mxc_isi_video_release(). | ||||
| CVE-2025-68174 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 7.8 High |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: amd/amdkfd: enhance kfd process check in switch partition current switch partition only check if kfd_processes_table is empty. kfd_prcesses_table entry is deleted in kfd_process_notifier_release, but kfd_process tear down is in kfd_process_wq_release. consider two processes: Process A (workqueue) -> kfd_process_wq_release -> Access kfd_node member Process B switch partition -> amdgpu_xcp_pre_partition_switch -> amdgpu_amdkfd_device_fini_sw -> kfd_node tear down. Process A and B may trigger a race as shown in dmesg log. This patch is to resolve the race by adding an atomic kfd_process counter kfd_processes_count, it increment as create kfd process, decrement as finish kfd_process_wq_release. v2: Put kfd_processes_count per kfd_dev, move decrement to kfd_process_destroy_pdds and bug fix. (Philip Yang) [3966658.307702] divide error: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI [3966658.350818] i10nm_edac [3966658.356318] CPU: 124 PID: 38435 Comm: kworker/124:0 Kdump: loaded Tainted [3966658.356890] Workqueue: kfd_process_wq kfd_process_wq_release [amdgpu] [3966658.362839] nfit [3966658.366457] RIP: 0010:kfd_get_num_sdma_engines+0x17/0x40 [amdgpu] [3966658.366460] Code: 00 00 e9 ac 81 02 00 66 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 90 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 8b 4f 08 48 8b b7 00 01 00 00 8b 81 58 26 03 00 99 <f7> be b8 01 00 00 80 b9 70 2e 00 00 00 74 0b 83 f8 02 ba 02 00 00 [3966658.380967] x86_pkg_temp_thermal [3966658.391529] RSP: 0018:ffffc900a0edfdd8 EFLAGS: 00010246 [3966658.391531] RAX: 0000000000000008 RBX: ffff8974e593b800 RCX: ffff888645900000 [3966658.391531] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffff888129154400 RDI: ffff888129151c00 [3966658.391532] RBP: ffff8883ad79d400 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffff8890d2750af4 [3966658.391532] R10: 0000000000000018 R11: 0000000000000018 R12: 0000000000000000 [3966658.391533] R13: ffff8883ad79d400 R14: ffffe87ff662ba00 R15: ffff8974e593b800 [3966658.391533] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88fe7f600000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [3966658.391534] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [3966658.391534] CR2: 0000000000d71000 CR3: 000000dd0e970004 CR4: 0000000002770ee0 [3966658.391535] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 [3966658.391535] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe07f0 DR7: 0000000000000400 [3966658.391536] PKRU: 55555554 [3966658.391536] Call Trace: [3966658.391674] deallocate_sdma_queue+0x38/0xa0 [amdgpu] [3966658.391762] process_termination_cpsch+0x1ed/0x480 [amdgpu] [3966658.399754] intel_powerclamp [3966658.402831] kfd_process_dequeue_from_all_devices+0x5b/0xc0 [amdgpu] [3966658.402908] kfd_process_wq_release+0x1a/0x1a0 [amdgpu] [3966658.410516] coretemp [3966658.434016] process_one_work+0x1ad/0x380 [3966658.434021] worker_thread+0x49/0x310 [3966658.438963] kvm_intel [3966658.446041] ? process_one_work+0x380/0x380 [3966658.446045] kthread+0x118/0x140 [3966658.446047] ? __kthread_bind_mask+0x60/0x60 [3966658.446050] ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 [3966658.446053] Modules linked in: kpatch_20765354(OEK) [3966658.455310] kvm [3966658.464534] mptcp_diag xsk_diag raw_diag unix_diag af_packet_diag netlink_diag udp_diag act_pedit act_mirred act_vlan cls_flower kpatch_21951273(OEK) kpatch_18424469(OEK) kpatch_19749756(OEK) [3966658.473462] idxd_mdev [3966658.482306] kpatch_17971294(OEK) sch_ingress xt_conntrack amdgpu(OE) amdxcp(OE) amddrm_buddy(OE) amd_sched(OE) amdttm(OE) amdkcl(OE) intel_ifs iptable_mangle tcm_loop target_core_pscsi tcp_diag target_core_file inet_diag target_core_iblock target_core_user target_core_mod coldpgs kpatch_18383292(OEK) ip6table_nat ip6table_filter ip6_tables ip_set_hash_ipportip ip_set_hash_ipportnet ip_set_hash_ipport ip_set_bitmap_port xt_comment iptable_nat nf_nat iptable_filter ip_tables ip_set ip_vs_sh ip_vs_wrr ip_vs_rr ip_vs nf_conntrack nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv4 sn_core_odd(OE) i40e overlay binfmt_misc tun bonding(OE) aisqos(OE) aisqo ---truncated--- | ||||
| CVE-2025-40355 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sysfs: check visibility before changing group attribute ownership Since commit 0c17270f9b92 ("net: sysfs: Implement is_visible for phys_(port_id, port_name, switch_id)"), __dev_change_net_namespace() can hit WARN_ON() when trying to change owner of a file that isn't visible. See the trace below: WARNING: CPU: 6 PID: 2938 at net/core/dev.c:12410 __dev_change_net_namespace+0xb89/0xc30 CPU: 6 UID: 0 PID: 2938 Comm: incusd Not tainted 6.17.1-1-mainline #1 PREEMPT(full) 4b783b4a638669fb644857f484487d17cb45ed1f Hardware name: Framework Laptop 13 (AMD Ryzen 7040Series)/FRANMDCP07, BIOS 03.07 02/19/2025 RIP: 0010:__dev_change_net_namespace+0xb89/0xc30 [...] Call Trace: <TASK> ? if6_seq_show+0x30/0x50 do_setlink.isra.0+0xc7/0x1270 ? __nla_validate_parse+0x5c/0xcc0 ? security_capable+0x94/0x1a0 rtnl_newlink+0x858/0xc20 ? update_curr+0x8e/0x1c0 ? update_entity_lag+0x71/0x80 ? sched_balance_newidle+0x358/0x450 ? psi_task_switch+0x113/0x2a0 ? __pfx_rtnl_newlink+0x10/0x10 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x346/0x3e0 ? sched_clock+0x10/0x30 ? __pfx_rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x10/0x10 netlink_rcv_skb+0x59/0x110 netlink_unicast+0x285/0x3c0 ? __alloc_skb+0xdb/0x1a0 netlink_sendmsg+0x20d/0x430 ____sys_sendmsg+0x39f/0x3d0 ? import_iovec+0x2f/0x40 ___sys_sendmsg+0x99/0xe0 __sys_sendmsg+0x8a/0xf0 do_syscall_64+0x81/0x970 ? __sys_bind+0xe3/0x110 ? syscall_exit_work+0x143/0x1b0 ? do_syscall_64+0x244/0x970 ? sock_alloc_file+0x63/0xc0 ? syscall_exit_work+0x143/0x1b0 ? do_syscall_64+0x244/0x970 ? alloc_fd+0x12e/0x190 ? put_unused_fd+0x2a/0x70 ? do_sys_openat2+0xa2/0xe0 ? syscall_exit_work+0x143/0x1b0 ? do_syscall_64+0x244/0x970 ? exc_page_fault+0x7e/0x1a0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e [...] </TASK> Fix this by checking is_visible() before trying to touch the attribute. | ||||
| CVE-2025-40338 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 7.0 High |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: Intel: avs: Do not share the name pointer between components By sharing 'name' directly, tearing down components may lead to use-after-free errors. Duplicate the name to avoid that. At the same time, update the order of operations - since commit cee28113db17 ("ASoC: dmaengine_pcm: Allow passing component name via config") the framework does not override component->name if set before invoking the initializer. | ||||
| CVE-2025-40325 | 1 Linux | 2 Kernel, Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: md/raid10: wait barrier before returning discard request with REQ_NOWAIT raid10_handle_discard should wait barrier before returning a discard bio which has REQ_NOWAIT. And there is no need to print warning calltrace if a discard bio has REQ_NOWAIT flag. Quality engineer usually checks dmesg and reports error if dmesg has warning/error calltrace. | ||||
| CVE-2025-40289 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdgpu: hide VRAM sysfs attributes on GPUs without VRAM Otherwise accessing them can cause a crash. | ||||
| CVE-2025-40213 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 7.8 High |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: MGMT: fix crash in set_mesh_sync and set_mesh_complete There is a BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in set_mesh_sync due to memcpy from badly declared on-stack flexible array. Another crash is in set_mesh_complete() due to double list_del via mgmt_pending_valid + mgmt_pending_remove. Use DEFINE_FLEX to declare the flexible array right, and don't memcpy outside bounds. As mgmt_pending_valid removes the cmd from list, use mgmt_pending_free, and also report status on error. | ||||
| CVE-2025-40180 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mailbox: zynqmp-ipi: Fix out-of-bounds access in mailbox cleanup loop The cleanup loop was starting at the wrong array index, causing out-of-bounds access. Start the loop at the correct index for zero-indexed arrays to prevent accessing memory beyond the allocated array bounds. | ||||
| CVE-2025-40170 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 7.8 High |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: use dst_dev_rcu() in sk_setup_caps() Use RCU to protect accesses to dst->dev from sk_setup_caps() and sk_dst_gso_max_size(). Also use dst_dev_rcu() in ip6_dst_mtu_maybe_forward(), and ip_dst_mtu_maybe_forward(). ip4_dst_hoplimit() can use dst_dev_net_rcu(). | ||||
| CVE-2025-40158 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 8.1 High |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: use RCU in ip6_output() Use RCU in ip6_output() in order to use dst_dev_rcu() to prevent possible UAF. We can remove rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pairs from ip6_finish_output2(). | ||||
| CVE-2025-40136 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: hisilicon/qm - request reserved interrupt for virtual function The device interrupt vector 3 is an error interrupt for physical function and a reserved interrupt for virtual function. However, the driver has not registered the reserved interrupt for virtual function. When allocating interrupts, the number of interrupts is allocated based on powers of two, which includes this interrupt. When the system enables GICv4 and the virtual function passthrough to the virtual machine, releasing the interrupt in the driver triggers a warning. The WARNING report is: WARNING: CPU: 62 PID: 14889 at arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-its.c:852 its_free_ite+0x94/0xb4 Therefore, register a reserved interrupt for VF and set the IRQF_NO_AUTOEN flag to avoid that warning. | ||||
| CVE-2025-40130 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-10-21 | 7.0 High |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: ufs: core: Fix data race in CPU latency PM QoS request handling The cpu_latency_qos_add/remove/update_request interfaces lack internal synchronization by design, requiring the caller to ensure thread safety. The current implementation relies on the 'pm_qos_enabled' flag, which is insufficient to prevent concurrent access and cannot serve as a proper synchronization mechanism. This has led to data races and list corruption issues. A typical race condition call trace is: [Thread A] ufshcd_pm_qos_exit() --> cpu_latency_qos_remove_request() --> cpu_latency_qos_apply(); --> pm_qos_update_target() --> plist_del <--(1) delete plist node --> memset(req, 0, sizeof(*req)); --> hba->pm_qos_enabled = false; [Thread B] ufshcd_devfreq_target --> ufshcd_devfreq_scale --> ufshcd_scale_clks --> ufshcd_pm_qos_update <--(2) pm_qos_enabled is true --> cpu_latency_qos_update_request --> pm_qos_update_target --> plist_del <--(3) plist node use-after-free Introduces a dedicated mutex to serialize PM QoS operations, preventing data races and ensuring safe access to PM QoS resources, including sysfs interface reads. | ||||