| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| The user-mode syscall verifiers z_vrfy_fuel_gauge_get_props() and z_vrfy_fuel_gauge_set_props() in drivers/fuel_gauge/fuel_gauge_syscall_handlers.c declared two variable-length arrays, union fuel_gauge_prop_val k_vals[len] and fuel_gauge_prop_t k_props[len], sized directly by the caller-supplied len argument. len is an unvalidated size_t taken straight from the syscall ABI, and the VLAs were allocated before any check at all — including before the K_SYSCALL_DRIVER_FUEL_GAUGE() object-permission check. The subsequent k_usermode_from_copy() calls validated only that the user source buffer was readable; the kernel destination was never bounds-checked, since it was sized by the same attacker-chosen len.
Any thread running in user mode with CONFIG_USERSPACE enabled can invoke fuel_gauge_get_props() or fuel_gauge_set_props() with a large len. This first displaces the supervisor stack pointer by an arbitrary attacker-chosen amount — Zephyr does not build with stack-clash probing, so the displacement itself does not fault, and the nested calls made by the verifier then write frames below the privileged stack. If the caller has been granted access to a fuel-gauge device object, the memcpy inside k_usermode_from_copy() additionally writes len * sizeof(union fuel_gauge_prop_val) bytes of fully attacker-controlled data starting well below the stack base. CONFIG_PRIVILEGED_STACK_SIZE defaults to 1024 bytes, so a len of roughly 170 already exhausts it.
The result is an out-of-bounds write in supervisor mode with attacker-controlled length and, on the permitted path, attacker-controlled content — a break out of the user-mode sandbox into kernel memory, leading to kernel code execution or a system crash. A stack guard region does not contain it, because the copy begins below the guard and walks upward, corrupting unprotected memory before the guard is reached. The fix removes the kernel-side copies entirely and validates the caller's arrays in place with K_SYSCALL_MEMORY_ARRAY_READ() / K_SYSCALL_MEMORY_ARRAY_WRITE(), which also handle the len * size multiplication overflow; this is safe because neither fuel_gauge_prop_t nor union fuel_gauge_prop_val contains embedded pointers. |
| net_route_ipv6_packet() in subsys/net/ip/route_ipv6.c resolved the nexthop's link-layer address with net_nbr_get_lladdr(nbr->idx) without first checking whether the neighbor cache entry actually had a linked link-layer address. An unresolved neighbor carries idx == NET_NBR_LLADDR_UNKNOWN (0xff), and net_nbr_get_lladdr() in subsys/net/ip/nbr.c performs no runtime bounds check beyond a NET_ASSERT, returning &net_neighbor_lladdr[255] — roughly 2.5 KB past the end of an array whose default size is CONFIG_NET_IPV6_MAX_NEIGHBORS (8). Because the returned pointer is never NULL, the following lladdr == NULL guard does not catch it.
The function is reached from ipv6_route_packet() in subsys/net/ip/ipv6.c for every received unicast IPv6 packet whose destination is not a local address on the receiving interface; CONFIG_NET_IPV6_ROUTE is enabled by default whenever the IPv6 neighbor cache is, so no router or forwarding configuration is needed. net_route_ipv6_get_info() returns the packet's destination itself as the nexthop when a neighbor cache entry for it exists, and the cache lookup does not skip INCOMPLETE entries. An unauthenticated attacker on the same link can therefore force the unresolved state — for example by eliciting traffic to a spoofed, non-existent neighbor address so that net_ipv6_send_ns() creates an INCOMPLETE entry, or by sending a Router Advertisement with no source link-layer address option, which creates a persistently unresolved router neighbor — and then send a packet addressed to that neighbor.
The result is an out-of-bounds read at a fixed index past the neighbor link-layer address array. On builds with CONFIG_ASSERT enabled the assertion fires and the device panics, giving a repeatable remote denial of service. With assertions disabled, the stale out-of-bounds struct net_linkaddr drives a memcmp() over an attacker-uninfluenced length and, when its len byte passes the NET_LINK_ADDR_MAX_LENGTH check, up to 8 bytes of unrelated static RAM are copied into the outgoing frame's destination link-layer address and transmitted on the link, disclosing them to any listener. There is no out-of-bounds write and the offset is not attacker-controlled, which bounds the impact. |
| The Bluetooth LE host queues received L2CAP connection-oriented channel (CoC) data for deferred processing through a struct k_work embedded in the channel object (le_chan->rx_work, handler l2cap_rx_process()) whenever the channel uses a dynamic PSM (0x0080-0x00FF). Channel teardown in l2cap_chan_destroy() in subsys/bluetooth/host/l2cap.c cancels the retransmission-timeout work and drains the RX FIFO, but never cancels rx_work. Because that work item was submitted to the system workqueue while HCI receive processing runs on the dedicated Bluetooth RX workqueue (CONFIG_BT_RECV_WORKQ_BT, the default), a queued rx_work item can outlive the channel it points into.
A remote, unauthenticated peer with an established CoC channel triggers this by sending a data K-frame immediately followed by an L2CAP Disconnect Request. The K-frame submits rx_work to the system workqueue; because both workqueue threads are cooperative and the Bluetooth RX workqueue runs at the higher priority (K_PRIO_COOP(CONFIG_BT_RX_PRIO) versus CONFIG_SYSTEM_WORKQUEUE_PRIORITY), the pending item cannot run before the following Disconnect Request is processed in le_disconn_req() -> l2cap_chan_del() -> l2cap_chan_destroy(). The stack then invokes the released() callback, which the API documents as meaning the stack has dropped all references and the application may free the channel memory.
The application therefore frees or re-accepts into an object that the system workqueue still holds in its pending list. If the memory is freed and reallocated, the workqueue later dereferences a list node and a handler function pointer read from reused memory; if the object is re-used for a later connection, l2cap_chan_add() calls k_work_init() on a still-enqueued work item, corrupting the workqueue's pending list so that unrelated work items are dropped or the queue spins on a looped list. A related variant lets l2cap_rx_process() run concurrently with teardown, racing the net_buf unref of le_chan->_sdu and the clearing of chan->conn.
The fix routes the channel RX work to the Bluetooth workqueue - the same context in which every teardown path runs - and adds an explicit k_work_cancel() of le_chan->rx_work in l2cap_chan_destroy(), so no reference to the channel survives the released() callback. Configurations without CONFIG_BT_L2CAP_DYNAMIC_CHANNEL, or that only use SIG-assigned PSMs (EATT 0x0027, OTS 0x0025) which take the inline receive path, are not affected. |
| The NXP MCUX TRNG entropy driver in drivers/entropy/entropy_mcux_trng.c passed the caller's byte count straight to the vendor SDK routine TRNG_GetRandomData(). On i.MX RT5xx and RT6xx parts the SDK compiles its TRNG_SW_HEALTH_TESTS variant, which always copies whole 32-bit words and draws entropy rounded up to a multiple of 128 bytes. Its "caller buffer is full" guard tests dataSize == 0, so a request whose length is not a multiple of four makes dataSize underflow past zero and the SDK keeps writing into the caller's buffer for the entire extraction: a 1-byte request results in 128 bytes written, and any non-word-multiple length overflows by up to 127 bytes.
entropy_get_entropy() is a syscall, and its verifier in drivers/entropy/entropy_handlers.c validates only the requested length via K_SYSCALL_MEMORY_WRITE(). With CONFIG_USERSPACE enabled, an unprivileged user-mode thread that has merely been granted the entropy device can therefore choose both the destination address and a length such as 1, and cause the kernel to write up to 127 bytes beyond the region it proved it owns. On these Cortex-M33 targets there is no MMU, so user partitions and kernel data share one SRAM and the overflow can land in adjacent kernel state. The same defect is reached from kernel mode by any caller requesting a non-word-multiple length, including getentropy() and, in builds where sys_csrand_get()/sys_rand_get() resolve to the hardware generator, sys_rand8_get() and sys_rand16_get().
Impact is memory corruption of up to 127 bytes immediately following the supplied buffer — typically the caller's stack in kernel-mode use, or memory outside the caller's partition when driven through the syscall. The overflow offset is fully determined by the requested length and is therefore deterministic, while the written content is uncontrolled TRNG output; the practical consequences range from crashes and unpredictable state corruption to opportunistic escalation when kernel bookkeeping such as object permission bitmaps is overwritten. The affected devices are those where the MCUX SDK enables TRNG_SW_HEALTH_TESTS (MIMXRT595S, MIMXRT555S, MIMXRT533S, MIMXRT685S, MIMXRT633S), on which the TRNG is the zephyr,entropy chosen node; other SoCs using this driver take the SDK path that clamps the copy size and are unaffected.
The fix routes any unaligned prefix and any sub-word tail through a local bounce word and hands the SDK only word-multiple sizes, so the SDK's word-granular writes can no longer pass the end of the caller's buffer. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
btrfs: take commit root semaphore when iterating in mark_block_group_to_copy()
mark_block_group_to_copy() iterates over the commit root with
skip_locking=true. A concurrent transaction commit can swap and free
the commit root during iteration, causing use-after-free when
accessing extent buffers.
Fix it by using path->need_commit_sem to protect the commit root search. |
| omarchy-theme-set in Omarchy 4 before 4.0.1 allows code execution via a third-party theme because the files placed into ~/.local/state/omarchy/current/theme may include executable content from an untrusted Git repository. |
| The Appointment Booking Plugin – LatePoint | Calendar & Scheduling for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to generic SQL Injection via 'booking[service_id]' Parameter in all versions up to, and including, 5.7.2 due to insufficient escaping on the user supplied parameter and lack of sufficient preparation on the existing SQL query. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to append additional SQL queries into already existing queries that can be used to extract sensitive information from the database. |
| The WP File Download plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authorization bypass in all versions up to, and including, 6.3.9. This is due to the plugin not properly verifying that a user is authorized to perform an action. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to permanently delete any file managed by WP File Download, empty the entire trash, move files between categories, and publish or unpublish arbitrary files. |
| The WebToffee WooCommerce PDF Invoices, Packing Slips, Delivery Notes & Shipping Labels plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in versions up to, and including, 5.0.2 via the 'email' parameter of the guest print_document_from_the_mail_link handler dispatched from print_window() on init. This is due to the handler authorizing access to an order's printable documents when the attacker-supplied (base64-encoded) 'email' equals the order's billing email — a non-secret identifier — instead of requiring the WooCommerce order_key. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers, when the site is configured to allow guest access to documents ('wt_pklist_print_button_access_for' != 'logged_in'), to retrieve any other customer's invoice, packing slip, delivery note, dispatch label or shipping label — including customer name, billing/shipping address, phone number, purchased products, prices, taxes and invoice metadata — by knowing the target order ID and the associated billing email address. |
| The Groundhogg — CRM, Newsletters, and Marketing Automation plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation in all versions up to, and including, 4.8.3 via the `create_support_user()` function. This is due to the function identifying the support account solely by matching against publicly hardcoded constants — `user_login` `'groundhogg'` and email addresses `'support@groundhogg.io'` / `'help@groundhogg.io'` — where the `in_array()` email-equality check at line 238 is not a security boundary because any user fully controls their own email value. This makes it possible for an attacker with an account whose `user_login` is `'groundhogg'` and whose `user_email` matches one of the hardcoded support constants to have that account silently promoted to administrator — and additionally to super admin on multisite when the triggering administrator holds `manage_network_options` — resulting in full site takeover. Exploitation requires a two-actor flow: the attacker must first obtain or pre-plant an account with the hardcoded credentials (possible when open user registration is enabled or another account-creation path exists), after which a legitimate administrator must invoke the support-access feature via the `submit_ticket` or `process_send_support_access` entry points to trigger the promotion. |
| The Divi Plus plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary File Read in versions up to, and including, 2.4.0 via the 'svg_image' parameter of the /wp-json/elicus/v1/dipl-modules/svg-animator REST endpoint. This is due to the endpoint's permission callback (SVGAnimatorController::index_permission) returning true unconditionally combined with insufficient validation of the 'svg_image' input — sanitize_text_field() and esc_html() do not restrict filesystem paths, the file:// stream wrapper, or arbitrary URLs — before it is passed to file_get_contents() (with a wp_remote_get() fallback) and the raw response body is returned in the JSON 'html' field. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible. |
| The rtMedia for WordPress, BuddyPress and bbPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to limited file deletion due to insufficient file path validation in the process function in all versions up to, and including, 4.7.13 This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete arbitrary safe files on the server.. The public nonce (rtmedia_upload_nonce) is emitted into frontend JavaScript on any page rendering the rtMedia gallery or upload shortcode, making it retrievable by unauthenticated visitors without any prior authentication or privileged action. |
| The FV Player 8 plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary File Upload in all versions up to, and including, 8.1.7 via the check_mimetype function. This is due to insufficient file type validation in check_mimetype(), which writes attacker-supplied remote file content to the public uploads directory before any MIME or extension check, combined with a missing capability check on new player creation. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to upload files that may be executable, which makes remote code execution possible. This requires successfully exploiting a race condition. |
| The FooSales – Point of Sale (POS) for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to privilege escalation via account takeover in all versions up to, and including, 1.43.0. This is due to the plugin not properly validating a user's identity prior to updating their details like email. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with FooSales Cashier-level access and above, to change arbitrary user's email addresses, including administrators, and leverage that to reset the user's password and gain access to their account. |
| The Online Scheduling and Appointment Booking System – Bookly plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to PHP Object Injection in all versions up to, and including, 28.2 via deserialization of untrusted input via the ‘value’ parameter. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with custom-level access and above, to inject a PHP Object. No known gadget chain is available. |
| The GeoDirectory – WP Business Directory Plugin and Classified Listings Directory plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 2.8.187 via the 'design_type' parameter parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to include and execute arbitrary .php files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where .php file types can be uploaded and included. The required nonce is trivially obtainable by any anonymous visitor, as the geodir_basic_nonce value is localized to every public frontend page via the geodir_params script object, meaning no authentication, user interaction, or specific site content is required to exploit this vulnerability. |
| The Advanced Form Integration — Connect Forms to 300+ Apps plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass via Unverified Password Change in all versions up to, and including, 2.9.0 The `adfoin_ultimatememberac_send_data` function, which powers the Ultimate Member "Update Profile Field" action, resolves the target WordPress user from an attacker-supplied email address and passes an attacker-controlled field key and value directly to `UM()->user()->update_profile()` in the `account` context — which explicitly bypasses Ultimate Member's banned-key validation — without performing any submitter identity verification, ownership check, capability check, current-password reauthentication, or restriction on sensitive keys such as `user_pass`. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to change the password of any WordPress user account, including Administrator accounts, by submitting a public Contact Form 7 form with a target email and `user_pass` as the field key, enabling full site takeover. Exploitation requires an administrator to have pre-configured a Contact Form 7 integration that maps the target email, field key, and value from public form inputs to the Ultimate Member Update Profile Field action — the exact workflow the plugin's own UI advertises for this action type. |
| The Appointment Booking Plugin – LatePoint | Calendar & Scheduling for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation in all versions up to, and including, 5.7.3. This is due to the `OsSettingsController::update()` handler iterating over attacker-supplied `settings` parameters without an allowlist of permitted setting names or values, and `OsSettingsHelper::prepare_value()` performing no role allowlist validation before persisting the `default_wp_role_for_customer` setting — a restriction that exists only in the UI dropdown and is never enforced server-side. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers holding a LatePoint role with the `settings__edit` capability (such as an agent or custom role) to overwrite the default WordPress role for new customers with `administrator`, causing any subsequently self-registered LatePoint customer account to be created with full WordPress administrator privileges. Exploitation requires that a WordPress administrator has granted the `settings__edit` capability to a LatePoint agent or custom role, and that a new customer account is registered through LatePoint after the malicious setting change is persisted. |
| The WPO365 | SEAMLESS WORDPRESS + MICROSOFT INTEGRATION (WPO365 | LOGIN) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass via OIDC Nonce Replay in all versions up to, and including, 44.1 This is due to `Id_Token_Service_Deprecated::process_openidconnect_token()` using the incompatible WordPress core `wp_verify_nonce()` function to validate a nonce produced by `Nonce_Service::create_nonce()` — a 64-character hex value that `wp_verify_nonce()` can never successfully verify — causing the nonce check to silently fail without terminating authentication, so execution continues into `authenticate_oidc_user()` with the attacker-supplied `id_token`. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers who have obtained a previously-issued, valid `id_token` for a target account to replay that token and authenticate as any WordPress user, including administrators, resulting in full site takeover. This vulnerability is only exploitable when the `use_id_token_parser_v2` plugin option is enabled, as this is the configuration that routes token processing through the deprecated parser containing the broken nonce check. |
| The Groundhogg — CRM, Newsletters, and Marketing Automation plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation in all versions up to, and including, 4.9 This is due to a missing ownership and capability check on the `user` parameter within the `process_edit()` function, which allows any authenticated user with the `edit_contacts` capability to reassign a contact record's linked WordPress user ID to any arbitrary account without requiring the `edit_users` or `promote_users` capabilities. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with sales_rep-level access and above, to escalate their privileges to administrator by linking a contact to an administrator's WordPress user ID, then creating a note containing the `{auto_login_link}` replacement tag to trigger generation of a valid auto-login permissions-key URL for the administrator-linked contact, and finally visiting that URL to authenticate as the targeted administrator. The auto-login URL is stored in the note content and is readable back by the attacker via the `view_notes` and `add_notes` capabilities that the sales_rep role holds by default. |
